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Assembly languages were developed to make the programmer’s job easier. In assembly language, an instruction is an easy-to-remember form called a mnemonic. For example, suppose LOAD stands for the machine code 100100, MULT stands for the machine code 100110 (multiplication), and STOR stands for the machine code 100010. Using assembly language instructions, you can write the equation to calculate the weekly wages as follows:
LOAD rate
MULT hours
STOR wages
As you can see, it is much easier to write instructions in assembly language. However, a computer cannot execute assembly language instructions directly. The instructions first have to be translated into machine language. A program called an assembler translates the assembly language instructions into machine language.
Assembler: A program that translates a program written in assembly language into an equivalent program in machine language. Moving from machine language to assembly language made programming easier, but a programmer was still forced to think in terms of individual machine instructions. The next step toward making programming easier was to devise high-level
languages that were closer to natural languages, such as English, French, German, and Spanish.
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